Pre-Law: What to expect on the LSAT

Aisha Mustafa || Staff Writer || Issue 17

Most pre-law students will eventually have to take the LSAT; the Law School Application Test administered by the Law School Admissions Council or LSAC. This exam lasts up to three hours containing two scored sections and one random unscored section. However, students are not informed on which sections are scored so adequate performance on all sections is necessary.

The first section that shows up on the LSAT tests logical reasoning, abbreviated LR. In this part of the exam, students are given a short paragraph explaining a situation followed by a question stem that requires application of logical principles and reasoning skills. For example, a question might ask you “which of the following arguments is most similar in structure to the one above?” Another may ask “which of the following assumptions would be necessary for the argument to proceed?” These questions test your ability to analyze arguments and situations as well as apply tools to determine the correct answer. 

The second section that shows up on the LSAT is reading comprehension, abbreviated RC. Rather than the short paragraphs in the previous section, RC provides you with long, heavy passages followed by a set of questions testing your critical thinking and information retention. The key to the RC section is to recognize that the LSAT is a standardized test. That means for every question, there is only one single correct answer. For this reason, any correct RC answer will have a clear, citable, and inarguable quote from the passage that renders it correct. Don’t fall for tricks set-up to trigger personal associations, if the author didn’t mention it then it cannot be correct. Unless the question is an inference question in which it’s necessary to search for a clear implication in the text.

Finally, the LSAT contains an unscored argumentative writing sample. This can be taken at a completely different time and location from the LSAT itself within a range. In this section the test-taker is provided with a prompt and given 15 minutes of planning time. After the time is either over or the test taker chooses to proceed, the 35 minute essay-writing limit begins. While completing the sample a proctoring system is utilized and a webcam must be used. This sample is not graded but is visible to admissions councils. 

The final question concerning the LSAT is about preparation. Should students invest in a preparation course? Prep courses are expensive and can even be a waste of money unless specific conditions call for it. Instead, free online sources — such as Insight LSAT’s 8 video guide to the exam— can provide students with all they need to succeed on the exam. What’s important is practice. The LSAT is a test of reasoning, not content. Students should take the practice LSAT tests directly from the LSAC site and spend careful time on review.

The City of Albany Facing $22 Million Budget Deficit

Lindsay Powers || Staff Writer || Issue 17

Albany City Mayor Dr. Dorcey Applyrs announced the city will have a $22 million deficit by 2026, while facing backlash over her administration’s spending decisions. According to Mayor Applyrs, the city was already dealing with a structural deficit of $15 million. 

In a memo to city workers on March 19, Mayor Applyrs announced that she had instituted a freeze on non-essential positions, reduced non-emergency overtime, and limited travel and equipment purchases. 

In a statement released to CBS 6, Mayor Applyrs said, “This week I implemented a series of citywide financial measures across every department,” Mayor Applyrs said. “This included, number one, a hiring freeze.”

WAMC

Some city officials still have unanswered questions and concerns about Mayor Applyrs’s administration’s financial choices, such as $1,800 spent on life-sized vinyl record-themed handouts for her State of the City address and a recent trip to Baltimore, Maryland. The mayor’s office has also created new positions and increased salaries for city workers, including a 13% increase in Mayor Applyrs’s salary, from $143,000 to $160,000. 

During a council hearing on February 19th, Councilmember Deirdre Brodie said, “We need to know that we can afford these salary raises this year, and how we are affording them in the future”.  Councilmember Brodie’s other concern is “This bill was put forth within days of starting the fiscal year gives me very little confidence that these unsustainable increases will slow.” 

Despite the backlash over Mayor Applyrs expenditures, she continues to defend her administration’s decisions, saying, “We have been learning about our city’s fiscal picture in real time,” adding. “And even with that, there is essential work that still must happen. I stand behind every decision that my team has made to this point.” Mayor Applyrs cited economic pressures, such as inflation, rising interest rates, and declining federal support, as the culprits behind the city’s growing deficit. 

City officials said they will announce additional steps to address the fiscal challenges the City of Albany will face in the coming months.

Rising Tensions: The Escalating Conflict Between the U.S., Israel, and Iran

Isabelle Holt || Editor-in-Chief || Issue 17

The conflict involving the United States, Israel, and Iran has intensified sharply in early 2026, evolving from long standing geopolitical tensions into a direct and ongoing military confrontation. What began as a strategic rivalry over nuclear capabilities, regional influence, and security concerns has expanded into a broader crisis with regional and global implications. Decades of mistrust form the backdrop, with Iran’s nuclear program, its development of ballistic missiles, and its support for allied armed groups across the Middle East remaining central points of concern for both the United States and Israel. Diplomatic efforts to limit Iran’s nuclear ambitions persisted into early 2026 but ultimately failed to produce a durable agreement, contributing to the current escalation.

In the opening months of the year, the United States increased its military presence across the Middle East, citing rising instability and concerns about Iran’s weapons development. Soon after, coordinated strikes by U.S. and Israeli forces targeted Iranian military and strategic infrastructure, marking a turning point from indirect confrontation to direct conflict. Iran responded with missile and drone attacks aimed at Israeli cities, U.S. bases, and allied positions in the region, setting off a cycle of retaliation that has continued to intensify. Israeli forces have carried out additional strikes on sites linked to Iran’s military capabilities, including missile production facilities and infrastructure associated with the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, while Iran has demonstrated its ability to sustain repeated waves of attacks.

The United States has taken on a complex role, supporting Israeli operations while also pursuing its own military and diplomatic objectives. This has included troop deployments, strategic deterrence measures, and at times calibrated pauses in strikes to allow space for negotiations. One of the most sensitive flashpoints has been the Strait of Hormuz, a narrow but vital waterway through which a large share of the world’s oil supply passes. Iran has used its geographic position to threaten or disrupt shipping in the area, raising fears of a wider economic and military crisis. In response, the United States has warned of potential action to ensure freedom of navigation, underscoring the global stakes of the conflict.

The humanitarian consequences have been significant, with airstrikes and missile attacks causing civilian casualties, displacement, and damage to infrastructure in multiple areas. The conflict has also drawn in regional actors, as groups aligned with Iran have launched attacks on Israel and contributed to a widening of instability across the Middle East. This expansion has increased concerns that the confrontation could evolve into a broader regional war involving multiple states and non-state actors.

Economic effects have been felt well beyond the immediate conflict zone. Oil prices have risen amid fears of supply disruptions, contributing to inflationary pressures and volatility in global markets. Trade routes and energy security have become central concerns for governments worldwide, highlighting how closely interconnected the conflict is with the global economy.

Despite the intensity of the fighting, diplomatic efforts have not ceased. The United States has put forward proposals aimed at de-escalation, including restrictions on Iran’s nuclear and missile programs, while Iran has signaled cautious openness to continued negotiations even as it rejects certain terms. Occasional pauses in military activity suggest that backchannel discussions remain active, though fragile and uncertain. The situation reflects a delicate balance between continued confrontation and attempts at negotiation, with neither path clearly prevailing.

As it stands, the trajectory of the conflict remains uncertain. All sides have demonstrated both capability and resolve, yet also appear aware of the risks associated with a prolonged and expanding war. The coming weeks and months will likely determine whether diplomatic efforts can gain traction or whether the cycle of escalation deepens further, drawing in additional actors and reshaping the geopolitical landscape in lasting ways.

Laliga Dominates the Round of 16: Epl Squads Out of the Tournament

Rhyme Anwar || Sports Editor || Issue 17

Considering the prestige that the Premier League teams have over every other regional football league in the world, they were utterly battered by their opposing LaLiga teams in the recent Round of 16 second leg placements in the Champions League. Real Madrid continued their domination against Manchester City, with Vinicius scoring 2 more goals against the English team, ending the Match in a 5-1 aggregate win. They are facing Bayern Munich in the quarter-finals of the Champions League.

Atletico Madrid put up a good defense against Tottenham as Tottenham still won the second leg match with a score of 3-2 but it still was not enough to get to the quarter finals as Atletico still held 2 more goals above them from their lead in the first leg against each other.

Barcelona tied 1-1 against Newcastle at St. James’ Park in the first leg match against them. Newcastle United stood no chance against the Catalonian team as they demolished the English team in Camp Nou scoring 7 goals against them, with Raphina and Lewandowski each scoring two goals. The match ended 8-3 on aggregate and they look forward to facing Atletico Madrid in the quarter-finals.

Why High-Yield Savings Accounts Are a Smart Financial Tool

Isabelle Holt || Editor-in-Chief || Issue 17

A high-yield savings account (HYSA) has become an essential option for individuals that are looking to grow their money without taking on risk. Unlike traditional savings accounts, HYSAs offer significantly higher interest rates, which are often 10 to 15 times greater, allowing funds to grow more efficiently through compound interest. With some accounts offering over 4% APY compared to the national average of around 0.6%, the difference in long term growth can be substantial.

In addition to stronger returns, HYSAs provide a high level of security. Deposits are typically insured up to $250,000 through federal protections, ensuring that funds remain safe. At the same time, these accounts maintain strong liquidity, allowing users to access their money easily without penalties, which makes them especially useful for emergency savings.

Another advantage is their low cost. Many HYSAs are offered by online banks, which often means fewer fees and no minimum balance requirements. This accessibility makes them an attractive option for a wide range of savers.

HYSAs are particularly well suited for short term financial goals, such as building an emergency fund, saving for a vacation, or preparing for a down payment. However, it is important to note that interest rates are variable and can change based on broader economic conditions, and some institutions may limit the number of monthly withdrawals.

Several major banks and online institutions offering HYSAs that stand out:

SoFi Bank

APY: Up to ~4.00% (with conditions)

Pros: No fees, no minimum deposit, strong digital tools

Cons: Highest rate requires direct deposit or subscription

American Express High Yield Savings

APY: ~3.30%

Pros: No minimum balance, trusted brand, simple setup

Cons: Lower rate than competitors, no physical branches

Sallie Mae High-Yield Savings

APY: ~3.85%

Pros: No fees, no minimum deposit, competitive rate

Cons: Online-only, limited customer service hours

Overall, a high-yield savings account offers a balanced combination of growth, safety, and flexibility, which makes the option a practical and effective tool in any financial plan.

Caris Kraty Receives SUNY’s Norman R. McConney Jr. Award

Lindsay Powers || Staff Writer || Issue 17

The President of the HVCC Student Senate, Caris Kraty, was awarded the Norman R McConney Jr. Award for Educational Opportunity Program (EOP) Student Excellence. Kraty is one of 48 students who were awarded the EOP Student Excellence award.

The Award for EOP Student Excellence recognizes students across the SUNY System’s personal and professional achievements. Students need to have a 3.0 GPA or higher and demonstrate perseverance and resilience in the face of adversity and in overcoming significant challenges. Students must be nominated by their schools’ EOP for high academic merit and personal growth. The award is in honor of Norman R. McConney Jr., and former Deputy Speaker Arthur O. Eve, who helped establish the EOP in 1967.

Kraty, who is in her second year at HVCC and has been the President of Student Senate and the Black and Latino Student Union since 2024, is a board member of the Faculty Student Association and is the treasurer of the EOP club. Additionally, Kraty volunteers as a peer mentor, helping new students transition into the college environment. 

In a statement made by HVCC, Kraty said, “EOP is more than support; it is opportunity in action. Coming to this country from Liberia at a young age, I had big dreams but limited resources. Through Hudson Valley, SUNY, and EOP, I found mentors, leadership opportunities, and a community that reminded me my circumstances do not define my potential. This award reflects what happens when access meets empowerment. EOP gives students the tools to rise, to lead, and to create brighter futures for ourselves and our communities.”

According to the EOP, Kraty demonstrated resilience and commitment to her professional goals throughout her time at HVCC, and plans to pursue a bachelor’s degree in media studies at SUNY New Paltz.

Two Pilots Identified After Deadly Runway Collision at LaGuardia Airport

Isabelle Holt || Editor-in-Chief || Issue 17

Authorities have identified the two pilots killed in a late night runway collision at LaGuardia Airport as Antoine Forest and Mackenzie Gunther, both early in their aviation careers.

The crash occurred shortly before midnight on Sunday, when a regional passenger flight operated by Jazz Aviation, an Air Canada Express carrier, collided with an airport fire truck while on the runway. The flight had departed from Montreal and was carrying dozens of passengers. In total, 41 people were injured and transported to local hospitals. Operations at the airport were suspended until Monday afternoon.

Air Canada Plane after crash, CNN

Officials described the loss of the two pilots as particularly tragic given their youth and promising futures. Forest, 30, was originally from Québec and had pursued aviation from a young age, beginning his flying experience as a teenager and later training on bush planes in the Saguenay region. He joined Jazz Aviation in late 2022.

Gunther, a recent graduate of Seneca Polytechnic in Toronto, had only recently begun his professional career as a pilot. The institution announced it would lower flags to half-mast in his memory, expressing condolences to his family and former classmates.

Among the survivors was a flight attendant who was ejected from the aircraft during the crash yet remarkably survived. She was discovered still strapped to her seat some distance from the wreckage and is currently being treated for multiple injuries. Family members described her survival as extraordinary.

The collision also injured two firefighters who were inside the truck at the time of impact. Audio recordings from air traffic control suggest there were urgent attempts to halt the vehicle moments before the crash.

Preliminary findings from investigators at the National Transportation Safety Board indicate that both the aircraft and the fire truck had been cleared to access the same runway. Officials are examining a range of contributing factors, including communication procedures and equipment limitations.

Investigators have also pointed to potential technological shortcomings. A ground radar system designed to detect runway conflicts did not provide a warning, and the fire vehicle reportedly lacked a transponder that could have improved its visibility to controllers.

Speaking on the broader context, transportation officials emphasized the need for modernization within the U.S. air traffic control system. Concerns have also been raised about staffing levels and workload pressures in control towers, particularly during busy or complex operations.

The investigation remains ongoing, with authorities continuing to review cockpit recordings, air traffic communications, and operational protocols. No final determination has been made regarding the cause of the accident.

Weekly Athletics Recap: Hudson Valley Community College Sports

Rhyme Anwar || Sports Editor || Issue 17

The Vikings Baseball team finished up their Florida trip with a sweep on March 18th at the RussMatt Invitational, beating Holyoke Community College 11-1 and Northern Essex Community College 3-2 to move to 8-0 on the year. In game one, right-handed pitcher Joey Gecewicz was lights out with four hitless innings and eight strikeouts, while Red Maron and Robert Melo each had a home run and two RBIs. Game two was a back and forth pitchers’ duel, with Jeremy Graham earning the win with five innings pitched, while Alexander Dietz closed the game out for the save.

The Vikings Baseball team continued to dominate even after coming back, after beating SUNY Broome in the home opener on March 25th by scores of 15-3 and 10-2. Game one saw Robert Melo have a career day with two home runs and seven RBIs, while Alexander Dietz earned the win with eight strikeouts in four innings pitched. Game two saw starter Eliezer Rosario throw four shut innings with ten strikeouts, while Nico DeSanto led the offense with three hits. The Vikings are now 10-0 and have their next match on Saturday at Binghamton to face SUNY Broome again. 

The Viking Men’s Lacrosse team lost two games at home this week, falling to Howard Community College 34-2 on March 20th and to Onondaga Community College 30-6 on March 25th. Romeyn Murray and Josh Whitmore each scored a goal in game one, while goalkeeper Brayden Cooper made 14 saves facing 88 shots. Nathan Stone led the team with five goals in game two, while Dylan Ryan added two assists. Hudson Valley falls to 1-4 on the year and are going against DuPage next at the Outdoor Athletic Complex at noon on Friday.

A New Era for Federal Labor Policy, Murphy Takes the Helm at the NLRB

Isabelle Holt || Editor-in-Chief || Issue 17

The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), the federal agency responsible for enforcing labor law and overseeing union elections in the private sector, is entering a significant new phase of leadership. At the center of this shift is James Murphy, a longtime agency insider who has now risen to serve as chair.

Murphy’s appointment follows his confirmation to the board in December 2025 as part of a broader wave of nominees advanced by President Donald Trump. He was officially sworn in on January 7, 2026, helping restore the board’s quorum after nearly a year in which it lacked enough members to fully function.

With more than four decades of experience at the NLRB, Murphy brings deep institutional knowledge to the role. He began his career at the agency in 1974 and has served in multiple legal and advisory positions, including as chief counsel to former chairman Marvin Kaplan. His long tenure has made him a familiar figure within labor law circles, though his elevation also signals a broader ideological shift in how the board may operate moving forward.

The NLRB plays a critical role in American workplaces. Established in 1935, the agency enforces the National Labor Relations Act, protects workers’ rights to organize, and adjudicates disputes between employers and unions. When the board lacks a quorum, it cannot issue decisions, leaving cases unresolved and slowing enforcement of labor protections. That was the reality for much of 2025, when internal and political conflicts left the agency effectively stalled.

Murphy’s leadership comes as the board regains full operational capacity, and as its political balance shifts. His confirmation, alongside fellow Republican appointee Scott Mayer, established a Republican majority on the five member panel. This change is expected to influence the direction of federal labor policy, particularly after several years of more union friendly rulings under the previous administration.

Early signs of that shift are already emerging. With a new majority in place, the board has begun reconsidering policies related to employer liability, union organizing rules, and workplace standards. Supporters of the changes argue they will provide clarity and reduce regulatory burdens for businesses, while critics warn they could weaken protections for workers and unions.

Murphy now steps into the chairmanship at a moment when the NLRB faces both opportunity and scrutiny. The agency is not only working through a backlog of cases but also navigating broader legal and political debates over its authority and independence. Questions about presidential power over independent agencies, and the limits of that authority, continue to shape the environment in which the board operates.

As chair, Murphy’s role will be both administrative and symbolic. While the position does not carry sweeping unilateral power, it does influence the board’s agenda, priorities, and tone. With the NLRB once again able to act, his leadership will help determine how federal labor law is interpreted and enforced in the years ahead.

For workers, employers, and unions alike, the implications are significant. The decisions made under Murphy’s tenure could reshape organizing efforts, workplace rules, and the balance of power between labor and management across the country.

Hudson Valley ATEC Construction Faces Controversy

Prajeeth Rangamudri || News Editor || Issue 17

Spending and transparency have come under scrutiny due to a recent issue regarding the new Applied Technology Education Center (ATEC) at Hudson Valley Community College. The problem started when Steve McLaughlin, the executive of Rensselaer County, denied a $1.9 million payment intended for project contractors. 

According to Times Union reporting, the payout was meant to offset additional expenses brought on by a seven-month stop-work order in 2025. McLaughlin, however, claimed that building had begun without the necessary permissions and questioned why contractors should be compensated for work that might not have been approved. 

HVCC Plans New Building, Programs To Help Fill Shortages In Skilled Trade Workers, Glens Falls Business Journal

The county Legislature, which first authorized the payment, will probably override the veto. 

The ATEC project, which is anticipated to cost more than $60 million, is intended to serve as a significant workforce training facility at Hudson Valley Community College. Some officials attribute the additional expenses to equipment leases, pay hikes, and delays, while others point to the project’s initial management. 

All things considered, this situation raises questions about how big projects are managed and whether taxpayer funds are being spent appropriately. Many will be keeping a close eye on how these problems are resolved as the project progresses.